Prostatitis of bacterial etiology is also treated with antibiotics. Treatment is usually initiated once the infection has been diagnosed, before the actual organism causing the infection is known. The appropriate antibiotic depends on the person’s age and history and what is found on examination and through testing. How long the antibiotics are used depends on whether the infection is acute (a new, very symptomatic infection) or chronic (characterized by less severe symptoms of a longer duration).

If the cause of acute prostatitis is thought to be a sexually trans: mitted bacterium, then treatment for infections such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and nongonococcal urethritis should be started. (See the sections on these specific infections.) However, the course of antibiotics is usually longer (lasting two weeks) for an infection of the prostate than for urethral infection alone. One possible treatment program includes ceftriaxone along with doxycycline. Prompt treatment of urethritis caused by sexually transmitted bacteria decreases the likelihood that the infection will progress to a prostate infection. Chronic infection rarely occurs following acute prostatitis from a sexually transmitted infection.

For men who have acute prostatitis, who are older, or who perform anal sex on partners, a different antibiotic is commonly used; ofloxacin is usually administered for two weeks or sometimes longer. For chronic prostatic infection of any cause (sexually transmitted or otherwise), a much longer course of antibiotics is prescribed. The antibiotics of choice are ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, often for four weeks or longer.

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