Physical reasons. If there is something affecting die lining of the uterus, making it more difficult for the conceptus to implant, it is more likely to miscarry. Physical barriers to a pregnancy continuing include an abnormally shaped uterus, or trauma, such as pelvic procedures, operations or infections.

Psychological factors. There is thought to be a relationship between stress and anxiety, and hormones, the nervous system, blood vessels, muscles, etc. This may play a part in some miscarriages, but it would be difficult to prove or quantify. Some researchers have shown a relationship between anxiety and recurrent abortion.

Diseases. Some specific infections are associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, but any severe illness (acute or chronic), may affect a pregnancy.

Medications. There has been some suggestion that some drugs, like anti-cancer treatment, and possibly anaesthetic gases, may increase the risk of miscarriage.

Maternal age. Older women (in medical terms, those over 35) have a higher chance of miscarriage than younger women, perhaps because some developmental problems in the conceptus are more common with age.

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